The Constitution of India is the Supreme law of India, it was adopted 19th November 1949 and came into affect on 26th January 1950 for establishing the structure, powers, duties and rights of the government and its citizens. It establishes India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic and Republic. (S.S.S.D.R)
PREAMBLE : We The People of India.
Preamble : Sets out the objectives of the Constitution including Justice, Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
Fundamental Rights : Guarantees individual rights such as freedom of speech, equality before the law, and protection against exploitation.
Directive Principles of State Policy : Outlines the principles that guide the government's policies including social and economic justice and protection of the environment.
Separation of Powers : Divides power among the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government.
Federal Structure : Establishes a federal system of government, with power divided between the central government and the states.
The 1st Amendment (1951) : Added Ninth Schedule to protect land reform laws.
The 7th Amendment (1956) : Reorganized states and union territories.
The 42nd Amendment (1976) : Added fundamental duties and changed the preamble.
The 73rd Amendment (1992) : Added provisions for local self-government.
The 101st Amendment (2016) : Introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST).
Sovereign : India is a self governing nation.
Socialist : India aims to promote social and economic equality.
Secular : India is a neutral state, respecting all religions.
Democratic : India is a democracy, where power rests with the people.
Republic : India is a republic, where the head of state is elected.
Justice : Social, economic, and political justice for all citizens.
Liberty : Freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship.
Equality : Equal states and opportunities for all citizens.
Fraternity : Promoting unity. integrity, and dignity among citizens.
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